PROCESS OF ARTICLE
1. ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Bogotá, the city reinvented by Josep Maria Montaner
and Zaida Muxí, published in the supplement of La Vanguardia Cultures August 10, 2006. The city of Bogotá
is an example of creativity and continuity of the urban policies of governments. Since 1994, he won the municipal elections Antanas Mockus, Mayor teacher, math teacher and philosopher, began a process of recovery by and for people in Bogotá that today is an expanding and has created a modern city , which has faced all the problems of the contemporary city based on reality and dreaming of a possible city for real people, an exciting experience, which you can learn a lot.
In a country and a city where fear and insecurity had become almost impossible to urban life, was raised an ambitious and realistic plan for the future. Mockus inherited a very sound municipal finances, achievement of the former mayor, and decided that the first step should be to the transmission of a new urban values \u200b\u200band coexistence. The university professor, between radical and liberal, understood that urban improvements are to keep pace with changes in mentality. They have to work and has to give the city a sense of social and cultural, and both processes should be planned carefully. In this way, streets and public spaces became seamless scenarios where citizens turned into street mimes actors and civic taught how to use the city, beginning to transmit a new idea of \u200b\u200burban life and civic solidarity.
In the second stage, under the municipal government of Enrique Penalosa, it was time to act building. It displayed a wide range of actions that were articulated around the politics of public library building, the redevelopment and recovery of public space, the recovery of the streams that descend from the high mountains, the construction of the first line of public buses Transmilenio, and recovery of historic foundation, the Candelaria district.
Public Library Plan is fifty-four neighborhood libraries large. Two of these have been entrusted to the best architects in Colombia: the Simón Bolívar park, designed by Rogelio Salmona, and the Tintal, by Daniel Bermúdez. The latter architect is also the author of the fourth great library and theater annex pear, which is currently being planned.
The public space has become the place of urban life and the main streets every Sunday, become the route for cyclists. With the urbanization of the streams is achieved by framing the city as a greenway. The TransMilenio bus is based in Curitiba, but the idea has been enhanced with two bus lanes in each direction, allowing different lines moving at the same time they can anticipate, and are designed with modern surface canopies, light and transparent. The restoration and revitalization of the colonial district of Candelaria has been very appropriate, improving the quality of housing, public facilities introduced, favoring the installation of sites for culture and small theaters and art galleries.
In the third phase, newly elected Antanas Mockus, joined the participatory self-management process for neighborhood-scale projects. This time the participation of citizens have been through neighborhood groups who make decisions on the projects of public spaces and buildings in his neighborhood. With small grants to each district and sector, citizens were encouraged to come to an agreement on the decision on specific urban projects modest but necessary: \u200b\u200bsquares, stairs, walkways, equipment, gardens, etc., to be selected, designed, managed and made by the council and each day of the year, somewhere in Bogota, the mayor was inaugurated.
Barcelona model
addition to these projects and everyday neighborhood have been promoted estructuradotas great works of the city, as the Alameda El Porvenir, 17 km, with three bands a bicycle, one green and one for banks and Pedestrians up together neighborhoods from equipment emblematic Tintal Public Library. All projects have generated a very positive impact on the city, is today an example of urban planning. The so-called Barcelona model has been copied verbatim in its forms and furniture, but it has been understood as a process of reading, recognition, analysis and action in a particular city. Thus, in Bogotá have shown a rare exemplar: a great capacity to know and admire a model that has been replayed into local key. Acting and casting to and from Bogota has created, for example, a new type of pavement based on the brick sidewalks in the area, researching and developing a sustainable mix cement and land suitable for the climate and visually appealing. Besides being an element of identity for the city public works reversed in local job creation.
Bogotá, the city reinvented by Josep Maria Montaner
and Zaida Muxí, published in the supplement of La Vanguardia Cultures August 10, 2006. The city of Bogotá
is an example of creativity and continuity of the urban policies of governments. Since 1994, he won the municipal elections Antanas Mockus, Mayor teacher, math teacher and philosopher, began a process of recovery by and for people in Bogotá that today is an expanding and has created a modern city , which has faced all the problems of the contemporary city based on reality and dreaming of a possible city for real people, an exciting experience, which you can learn a lot.
In a country and a city where fear and insecurity had become almost impossible to urban life, was raised an ambitious and realistic plan for the future. Mockus inherited a very sound municipal finances, achievement of the former mayor, and decided that the first step should be to the transmission of a new urban values \u200b\u200band coexistence. The university professor, between radical and liberal, understood that urban improvements are to keep pace with changes in mentality. They have to work and has to give the city a sense of social and cultural, and both processes should be planned carefully. In this way, streets and public spaces became seamless scenarios where citizens turned into street mimes actors and civic taught how to use the city, beginning to transmit a new idea of \u200b\u200burban life and civic solidarity.
In the second stage, under the municipal government of Enrique Penalosa, it was time to act building. It displayed a wide range of actions that were articulated around the politics of public library building, the redevelopment and recovery of public space, the recovery of the streams that descend from the high mountains, the construction of the first line of public buses Transmilenio, and recovery of historic foundation, the Candelaria district.
Public Library Plan is fifty-four neighborhood libraries large. Two of these have been entrusted to the best architects in Colombia: the Simón Bolívar park, designed by Rogelio Salmona, and the Tintal, by Daniel Bermúdez. The latter architect is also the author of the fourth great library and theater annex pear, which is currently being planned.
The public space has become the place of urban life and the main streets every Sunday, become the route for cyclists. With the urbanization of the streams is achieved by framing the city as a greenway. The TransMilenio bus is based in Curitiba, but the idea has been enhanced with two bus lanes in each direction, allowing different lines moving at the same time they can anticipate, and are designed with modern surface canopies, light and transparent. The restoration and revitalization of the colonial district of Candelaria has been very appropriate, improving the quality of housing, public facilities introduced, favoring the installation of sites for culture and small theaters and art galleries.
In the third phase, newly elected Antanas Mockus, joined the participatory self-management process for neighborhood-scale projects. This time the participation of citizens have been through neighborhood groups who make decisions on the projects of public spaces and buildings in his neighborhood. With small grants to each district and sector, citizens were encouraged to come to an agreement on the decision on specific urban projects modest but necessary: \u200b\u200bsquares, stairs, walkways, equipment, gardens, etc., to be selected, designed, managed and made by the council and each day of the year, somewhere in Bogota, the mayor was inaugurated.
Barcelona model
addition to these projects and everyday neighborhood have been promoted estructuradotas great works of the city, as the Alameda El Porvenir, 17 km, with three bands a bicycle, one green and one for banks and Pedestrians up together neighborhoods from equipment emblematic Tintal Public Library. All projects have generated a very positive impact on the city, is today an example of urban planning. The so-called Barcelona model has been copied verbatim in its forms and furniture, but it has been understood as a process of reading, recognition, analysis and action in a particular city. Thus, in Bogotá have shown a rare exemplar: a great capacity to know and admire a model that has been replayed into local key. Acting and casting to and from Bogota has created, for example, a new type of pavement based on the brick sidewalks in the area, researching and developing a sustainable mix cement and land suitable for the climate and visually appealing. Besides being an element of identity for the city public works reversed in local job creation.
In its two stages of intervention, Mockus has placed particular emphasis on the quality of public space as the essential place of urban life. It has been necessary to create many public spaces where citizens ask for it and it is possible, but it is also necessary to ensure quality. To do this from the mayor's office has been fighting to privatize the events proliferate the use of public space and to control street vendors, markets and placing them in containers more permanent. This will free public space and not let it grow a parallel economy that is considered unfair to the legal economy of traders.
The key project in Bogotá, initiated by Mockus, has been to invent a new relationship between theory and practice urban university, between the intellectual process of imagining and social dynamics. Each of the interventions in the city takes a long intellectual and cultural heritage qualified sociologists, geographers, anthropologists, architects and urban Colombians. Each of the major projects like the option to structure the library was previously neighborhoods designed from the academic world, especially from the Centre de Cultura Urbana, consisting of sociologists, urban planners and historians such as Juan Carlos Pérgolis, Alberto Saldarriaga, and others who acted as a cult group that was watching thinking, thinking and making proposals in line with the City : a privileged occasion to think of roots, from the wisdom and ingenuity, the contemporary city. In addition to the Observatory from other universities and research thinking about the city and its inhabitants is a constant, Armando Silva highlighting their work redefinition of the city, subsequent studies of the effects of urban renewal or Tarchopulos and Olga Doris L. Ceballos, who from the Universidad Javeriana have thoroughly studied the relationship between housing and city. Thus, in recent municipal governments have gotten a long tradition of thinking, to imagine and build the city of Bogotá to find a way to perform.
One of the most difficult spots were the neighborhoods performance cartridge and Santa Ines, where it was made from 1998 is the Third Millennium Park, in the urban area bordering the historic center, just beyond where Le Corbusier, Sert and Wiener between 1947 and 1950 presented its proposals for the Bolívar Square in the heart of Bogotá Pilot Plan, which was based on creating large green boulevards, made in a fraction but present in the city hundreds of times imagined and projected. To the south lie the most disadvantaged neighborhoods, having become a haunt of drug trafficking, arms sales, prostitution and false documents. The decision was to act ruthlessly in terms of elements constructed to remove the tissue. This decision of strong and very visible impact was accompanied by a real policy of complex networks of social services for those who wish they could be inserted into the law. Were created, for example, work programs for drug addicts in public works and medical card medical examination for prostitutes.
The final stage which is now complete, is the Mayor Luis Eduardo Garzon, from the Colombian left and, without breaking with the great urban tradition, has attempted to make its mark with more social projects: the policy has focused on building new schools and modernizing existing ones.
Twelve years of continuous public policies have made Bogota the early twenty-first century promises to be a reference and an opportunity for change for the people most neglected until recently. Bogota is a wonderful city, a splendid and welcoming, an enviable example for aging European cities, burdened by the inertia and bureaucracy, which can be viewed as a city \u200b\u200bof limited resources and serious problems starting, but with a great intellectual, a tireless and imaginative capacity lively civil society, has become a laboratory of urban experimentation true to what its citizens want, the Bogota between all had years imagining and is now becoming possible.
From:
http://www.arqa.com/index.php/esc/colaboraciones/bogota-la-ciudad-reinventada.html In preparing of my article, I rely on one of the topics mentioned in this article, Internet which was of great interest to me.
2. DRAFT ARTICLE
2. DRAFT ARTICLE
The plan for Bogotá Le Corbusier, Sert and Wiener a success or a failure
One of the tools of the modern movement of urban
Plan for Bogotá is interesting because it incorporates several unpublished instruments, among which stand out the following:
1. A city model, which outlines the main elements of the policy at urban, metropolitan and regional.
2. The Civic Center and its neighborhood-scale replica of the urban element that represents a new urban function, resulting from the reinterpretation of the center of power and the most important public space in the city of urban Hispanic.
3. The industry and its network road hierarchy as a structure essential for the movement and composition at intermediate, and as a result of the deduction Corbusian the shape of the city at that time (Le Corbusier, 1951 and 1959; Bannen, 1991, Cortés, 1995, Salmona, 2003).
The futility of the Plan for Bogota:
The futility of the Plan for Bogotá has been highlighted by several intellectuals Bogota. For Saldana (Saldana and Fonseca, 1984) was an instrument obsolete before completion, for Vargas (Vargas, 1987) is a plan decontextualized social and cultural reality of Bogota at the time, and salmonids (salmon, 2003) an exercise that contributed very little. Despite being denounced as a failure in planning practice Bogota and an embarrassment to the prestige associated with modern city planning, it is recognized that both the expertise and the instrument itself meant the initiation of Bogotá in the planning of hand architects and planners greater recognition at the time.
Instruments Bogota Plan:
The Master Plan or Pilot Plan: by Le Corbusier, delimited the city limits, zoning and road system and their classification a way a guide to regulate the growth of the city and the basis for developing the master plan.
Regulatory Plan: by Sert and Wiener, through the Town Planning Associates, TPA, and advised by Le Cobusier, consisted of a detailed study based on previous systems that define the use of areas in which the city was divided, the scheme of heights and standards for construction, population densities, profiles, cross sections, intersections, parking, lighting and arborizations of roads, planning public services, how supplies should be implemented and in general all aspects to be taken into account for the proper development of the city.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Testament, Wright, Frank, General Manufacturing Company Editora, Buenos Aires, 1961.
3. MENTAL MAP
0 comments:
Post a Comment