are the simplest organic compounds and can be considered as the main substances which are derived all other organic compounds. Hydrocarbons are classified into two main groups, open chain and cyclic. In open-chain compounds containing more than one carbon atom, carbon atoms are linked together forming a straight chain may have one or more branches. In cyclic compounds, carbon atoms form one or more closed rings. The two main groups are subdivided according to their chemical behavior in saturated and unsaturated. Alkanes
The open-chain saturated hydrocarbons form a peer group called alkanes or paraffins. The first four members are gases at room temperature and pressure, the intermediate members are liquids, and heavier members are semisolid or solid. The oil contains a variety of saturated hydrocarbons, and petroleum products as gasoline, oil fuel, lubricating oils and paraffin are mainly in mixtures of these hydrocarbons that vary from light liquids to solids.
Alkenes The group of alkenes or olefins is formed by open-chain hydrocarbons in which there is a double bond between two carbon atoms. Like the alkanes, the lower members are gases, intermediate compounds are liquids and higher are strong. The compounds of the group of alkenes are more reactive than saturated compounds chemically. Alkynes
members of the group of alkynes containing a triple bond between two carbon atoms of the molecule. They are very active chemically and do not occur free in nature.
0 comments:
Post a Comment